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Introduction to turning tools
Release time：
2025-04-13
Turning tools refer to the cutting tools and related accessories used in turning operations. Their main function is to remove excess material from the workpiece through high-speed rotation to achieve the required shape, size, and surface roughness.
Turning tools refer to the cutting tools and related accessories used in turning operations. Their main function is to remove excess material from the workpiece through high-speed rotation to achieve the required shape, size, and surface roughness. There are many types of turning tools, and selecting the appropriate tool is crucial depending on the workpiece, machining accuracy, and processing conditions.
Turning tools can be mainly divided into two categories: external turning tools and internal turning tools.
1. External Turning Tools
External turning tools are mainly used for machining the outer surface of a workpiece and are the most common type of tool in turning. Depending on the tool shape and purpose, external turning tools can be further divided into general turning tools, parting tools, and forming tools. General turning tools are suitable for general external circles, end faces, and step surfaces; parting tools are specifically used for cutting off workpieces or cutting grooves; forming tools are used for machining surfaces of specific shapes, such as spherical and conical surfaces.
2. Internal Turning Tools
Internal turning tools are mainly used for machining the internal holes of a workpiece, including through holes and blind holes. The structure of these tools is relatively complex, and they usually require special tool holders and guiding devices to ensure the stability and accuracy of the tool during processing. Internal turning tools also have different types, such as boring bars and reamers, depending on the size and depth of the hole being machined.
The structure of a turning tool usually consists of three parts: the tool holder, the tool body, and the insert. The tool holder is used to connect to the machine spindle, transmitting torque and rotational motion; the tool body supports and positions the insert; the insert is the part that actually participates in cutting, and its material directly affects cutting efficiency and tool life.
The insert materials of modern turning tools mainly include cemented carbide, ceramic, cubic boron nitride (CBN), and diamond. Cemented carbide, due to its high hardness, high wear resistance, and good toughness, is the most commonly used insert material; ceramic materials are suitable for high-speed cutting of high-temperature alloys and other difficult-to-machine materials; CBN and diamond, due to their extremely high hardness and wear resistance, are especially suitable for machining hard alloys, ceramics, and other super-hard materials.
As an indispensable part of metal processing, turning tools directly affect processing efficiency and product quality. With the continuous development of manufacturing and technological advancements, the materials, structure, and design of turning tools are constantly being innovated and improved. Understanding and mastering the basic knowledge of turning tools is of great significance for improving processing skills and optimizing production processes. This article hopes to help readers better understand and use turning tools to contribute to improving manufacturing levels.
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